The inverter is the heart of every photovoltaic system. It converts the direct current generated by solar modules into sinusoidal alternating current compliant with the public grid, using power-electronic switching elements, typically IGBTs. Simultaneously it performs maximum power point tracking to pursue the optimal operating point of the modules and maximise energy yield. Modern devices feature grid monitoring, fault logging, and communication interfaces for monitoring platforms. Types include string inverters, microinverters, and hybrid inverters; the latter also enable integration of battery storage systems. From a safety perspective, the grid disconnection point as required by VDE-AR-N 4105 is essential.